Strategic communication of newly public ventures has garnered substantial scholarly interest in recent years. However, the resulting scholarly insight has been generated across different, often disconnected research streams based on a wide range of theoretical foundations and contexts of the IPO process, which complicates the synthesis of the current knowledge, the identification of theoretical instabilities and open research questions, and the development of a comprehensive research agenda. We address the resulting limitations by identifying and reviewing 79 theoretical and empirical articles published to date in 13 top-tier management and entrepreneurship academic journals. Our systematic literature review analyzes this heterogeneous scholarly oeuvre and develops an integrative framework that highlights the differences between the three distinct contexts—pre-IPO, during IPO, and post-IPO. Specifically, within each of these three contexts, we identify the dominant theoretical perspectives on strategic communication of newly public ventures, the types of information focus, types of information conveyance, target audiences, the types of communication channels, as well as the antecedents and consequences of the strategic communication for the venture. Additionally, we formulate a comprehensive research agenda based on the consolidation of limitations identified in the reviewed articles. Overall, our integrative framework provides a more detailed and nuanced picture of strategic communication in the context of IPOs, highlights the dynamic and complex nature of this communication process, and offers important insights for academics, practitioners, and policymakers.