Entrepreneurs go through intense time pressures in their daily lives, yet entrepreneurship research lacks an understanding of how daily time pressures impact entrepreneurs. In this paper, we employ experience sampling methodology and analyze multilevel data from daily surveys spread across 16 days from 87 entrepreneurs, leading to 1090 observations to examine how daily time pressures fatigue entrepreneurs by focusing on within-person dynamics. Further, we also examine the between-person dynamics and introduce a notion of willpower growth mindsets to entrepreneurship research. We depict the duality of this growth mindset by highlighting how it allows entrepreneurs to reduce the emotional consequences of time pressure yet exacerbate their physiological reactions to the emotional consequences they experience. Thus, this work makes important contributions to entrepreneurship theory and practice.
