Hospital-community partnerships have been increasingly emphasized to improve population health in recent decades. This study investigates the effectiveness of hospital-community partnerships in preventive healthcare interventions, addressing potential racial and ethnic disparities in impact. We measured the overall hospital-community partnerships with nine community organizations using the American Hospital Association (AHA) annual survey at the county level. Preventive healthcare interventions were also measured as preventable hospitalization rate, mammography screening, and flu vaccinations by racial and ethnic groups from various sub-datasets in County Health Ranking National (CHRN) data. We estimated ordinary least squared models with robust cluster standard errors at the state level and feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) models to examine the impact across racial and ethnic groups, including controls for county characteristics. Among 1,721 counties across 50 states in the United States, the findings indicated that hospital-community partnerships were effective in increasing mammography screening and flu vaccination rates in general. However, upon closer examination of the impact across race and ethnic groups, the impact was disproportionately distributed among racial and ethnic minorities. Hospital-community partnerships were not significantly associated with any of the interventions in the Black population, while they were effective in all three interventions in the White population. The findings highlight the imperative to design targeted hospital-community partnerships for racial and ethnic minorities to mitigate health disparities in preventive healthcare interventions.